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Preview — The Story of Civilization by C.E.M. Joad

Our Own Civilization By C.e.m.joad Pdf. 3/20/2018 0 Comments Joad second from right on the in June 1932 In his early life Joad very much shared the desire for the destruction of the. He was expelled from the in 1925 because of sexual misbehaviour at its summer school, and did not rejoin until 1943. In 1931, disenchanted with Labour in office.

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2. The Story of Civilization was written in 1931. Author Cyril Edwin Mitchinson Joad was one of Britain’s most colorful and controversial intellectual figures of the 1940s. It is very difficult to.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Cyril Edwin Mitchinson Joad (August 12, 1891 –April 9, 1953) was an English philosopher and broadcasting personality.He is most famous for his appearance on the The BrainsTrust, an extremely popular BBC Radio wartime discussion programme. Hemanaged to popularise Philosophy and became a celebrity, before helost fame and fortune in the Train Ticket Scandal of 1948.

Earlylife

Joad was born in Durham,the only son of Edwin and Mary Joad (née Smith). In 1892 his fatherbecame an Inspector of Education and thefamily moved to Southampton, where he received a very strict Christian upbringing. Joadstarted school at the age of 5 in 1896, attending Lynam'sPreparatory School (commonly called the Dragon School) in Oxford and then Blundell's School, Tiverton,Devon.

BalliolCollege

In 1910, Joad went up to Balliol College, Oxford. It was here that hedeveloped his skills as a philosopher and debater. By 1912, he was afirst class sportsman and Oxford Uniondebater. He also became a Syndicalist, a Guild Socialist and then a Fabian. In 1913,he heard about George Bernard Shaw through thenewly founded magazine, the New Statesman. He developed a secureinterest in Philosophy that acted as the building blocks for hiscareer as a teacher and broadcaster. After completing his course atBalliol, achieving Double-First and John Locke Scholarship, Joadentered the Civil Service.

CivilService

Joad entered the Board of Trade in 1914 after attending aFabian Summer School. His aim was to infuse the Civil Service with a Socialist Ethos. Heworked as a civil servant for the Labour Exchanges Department ofthe Board of Trade, which later became the Ministry of Labour. Inthe months leading up to the First World War hedisplayed 'ardent' pacifism, which resulted in politicalcontroversy. Joad, Bernard Shaw, and BertrandRussell became unpopular with many who were trying to encouragesoldiers to fight for their country.

Marriage

In May 1915, Joad married Mary White. They bought a home in Westhumble near Dorking in Surrey. The village was also home to FannyBurney and near to the founder of the Fabian Society, Beatrice Webb. Joad was so fearful ofconscription that he fled to Snowdonia, Wales until it was safe to return. Joad's marriage was thought to behappy until 1921, when they separated. They had three children.

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Life afterseparation

After Joad's separation from his wife Mary, he moved to Hampstead in London with a student teachernamed Marjorie Thomson. This was the first of many mistresses,all of which were introduced as 'Mrs Joad'. He described sexualdesire as 'a buzzing bluebottle that needed to be swattedpromptly before it distracted a man of intellect from higherthings.' He believed that female minds lacked objectivity, and hehad no interest in talking to women who would not go to bed withhim. By now Joad was 'short and rotund, with bright little eyes,round, rosy cheeks, and a stiff, bristly beard.' He dressed inshabby clothing as a test: if people sneered at this they were toopetty to merit acquaintance.

Job interviews proved a great difficulty for Joad. He was veryflippant and was disapproved by many. However in 1930, he left theCivil Service to fill the post of Head of the Department of Philosophy and Psychology at Birkbeck College, University of London. Although thedepartment was small, he made full use of his great teachingskills. He popularised philosophy with many, and many other greatphilosophers of the day were beginning totake him seriously. For those that didn't, Joad implied that theyresented a blackleg who admitted outsiders to professionalmysteries. With his two books, Guide to Modern Thought(1933) and Guide to Philosophy (1936) he became a wellknown figure in public society.

1930s

In his early life, Joad very much shared the desire for thedestruction of the Capitalist system. He was expelled from the Fabian Society in1925, because of sexual misbehaviour at its summer school anddid not rejoin until 1943. In 1931, disenchanted with Labour inoffice, Joad became Director of Propaganda for the New Party. Owing tothe rise of OswaldMosley and his Pro-Fascist sympathies, Joad resigned, alongwith John Strachey. Soon after hebecame bitterly opposed to Nazism, but he continued to refuse militaryservice. Joad gave his support to many pacifistorganizations.

During his years at Birkbeck College, Joad was intimatelyinvolved in the most famous debate in the history of the OxfordUnion Society, a society in which he had participated during hisundergraduate years. Devised by David Graham and debated onThursday, February 9, 1933, was this question: “That this Housewill in no circumstances fight for its King and Country.” The topicillustrates both the attitude of Oxford and the state of Europe, asthe Second World War approached. Adolf Hitler had become chancellorof Germany just ten days prior to the debate. After five speakers,including Joad as the principal and last speaker, the motion passedby a vote of 275 to 153. Joad’s speech was described as“well-organized and well-received,”^[1]probably the single most important reason for the outcome of thedebate.

Joad was also interested in the supernatural and partnered Harry Price on a numberof ghost-hunting expeditions, also joining the Ghost Club ofwhich Price was the president. He involved himself in psychicalresearch, traveling to the Harz Mountains tohelp Price to try to prove that the 'Blocksberg Tryst' would turn amale goat into a handsome prince. He crusaded to preserve theEnglish Countryside against industrial exploitation, ribbondevelopment, overhead cables and destructive tourism. He wroteletters and articles in protest of the decisions being made toincrease Britain's wealth and status, as he believed the short termstatus would bring long term problems. He organized rambles androde recklessly through the countryside. He also had a passion forhunting.

Hating the idea of nothing to do, Joad organized on average ninelectures per week and two books per year. His popularity soared andhe was invited to give many lectures and lead discussions. He alsoinvolved himself in sporting activities such as tennis and hockey, and recreational activities such as bridge, chess and playing the pianola(the player piano). He was a great conversationalist and enjoyedentertaining the distinguished members of society. His home wasmodest, but his hospitality was lavish.

After the outbreak of the Second World War(1939) he became disgusted at the lack of liberty being shown. He went as far as to begthe Ministry ofInformation to make use of him. Sure enough, in January 1940,Joad was elected onto a wartime discussion programme called TheBrains Trust. The BBC radio production was an immediatesuccess, attracting millions of listeners.

The BrainsTrust

Joad's fame was made on The Brains Trust. It was made ofa small group that included Commander A BCampbell and Julian Huxley. Joad developed and matureddiscussion techniques, his fund of anecdotes and mild humourbrought him to the attention of the general public.

The programme came to deal with difficult questions posed bylisteners, and the panellists would discuss the question in greatdetail, and give a philosophical opinion. Examples of the questionsranged from 'What is the meaning of life?' to 'How can a fly landupside-down on the ceiling?' Joad became star of the show, hisvoice being the most heard on radio except for the News. Joadnearly always opened with the catchphrase 'It all depends on whatyou mean by…' when responding to a question. Although there was opposition from Conservatives who complainedabout the political bias, the general public generally consideredhim the greatest British philosopher of the day. He hadwon the position of celebrity.

Rise andfall

As Joad had become so well known, he was invited to giveafter-dinner speeches, open bazaars and even advertise tea. He also sold more books than ever before. Hestood as a Labour candidate at a by-electionin November 1946 for the Combined Scottish Universities constituency (although he lost).Joad hid his anxiety, andhis pacifism had notsurvived the war. He was now beginning to renounce his agnosticways and turn to the Christianity, the Church of England, which isevident in his book The Recovery of Belief. Even Socialism was unsatisfyingwhen he saw the vast evil the war had brought. His career was moresuccessful than ever before, and he became a common subject ofdiscussion in both public and private society. But he also had manyenemies, and they were to have the last laugh.

Joad once boasted in print that “I cheat the railway companywhenever I can.”^[2] InApril 1948, Joad was convicted of travelling on a Waterloo-Exetertrain without a valid ticket.Although he was a frequent fare dodger, he failed to give asatisfactory excuse. This made front-page headlines in the nationalnewspapers, and the fine of £2 destroyedall hopes of a peerage andresulted in his dismissal from the BBC. The humiliation of this hada massive effect on his health, and he soon became bed-confined athis home in Hampstead.His fame and broadcasting career were over.

Death

After the bed-confining thrombosis following his dismissal from theBBC in 1948, Joad developed cancer, and by 1952 he realised he was dying. Hepublished the book The Recovery of Belief in this year,perhaps as a deathbed repentance of his former atheism. Joad died on 9 April 1953 at his home,4 East Heath Road, Hampstead. He was 61. He is buried at SaintJohn’s-at-Hampstead Church in London.

Legacy

Joad was one of the most prominent British intellectuals of the20th century. He was as famous as George Bernard Shaw and BertrandRussell in his lifetime. He performed the difficult task ofpopularising philosophy, both in his books and by thespoken word, and helped to maintain the popularity of hisspecialist subject even after his death.

Quotes from Joad appear in Virginia Woolf's non-fiction piece,Three Guineas. For example:

'If it is, then the sooner they give up the pretence of playingwith public affairs and return to private life the better. If theycan not make a job of the House of Commons, let them at least makesomething of their own houses. If they can not learn to save menfrom the destruction which incurable male mischievousness bids fairto bring upon them, let women at least learn to feed them, beforethey destroy themselves.' ^[3])

His leading role in the most famous debate of the Oxford Union Society has also helped toestablish his legacy, which helped to make him a reputation as anabsolute pacifist, a position which the Nazi menace of World WarTwo caused him to set aside.

Joad was invited to appear at the Socratic Club, an undergraduate societyat Oxford University, where he spoke on January 24, 1944, on thesubject, of 'On Being Reviewed by Christians,' an eventattended by more than 250 students. This was a stepping stone inJoad's life, particularly at a time when he was reexamining hisconvictions. This reexamination eventually led to his return to theChristian faith ofhis youth, an event that he mentioned in his book, The Recoveryof Belief, which was published in 1952. C. S. Lewis, President of the SocraticClub, is mentioned twice in this book, once as an influence on Joadthrough Lewis's book The Abolition of Man. Part ofhis legacy, then, was to return to the faith that he had set asideas an Oxford undergraduate and to defend that faith in hiswritings.

References

1. ^Martin Ceadel, “The ‘King and Country’ Debate, 1933: StudentPolitics, Pacifism and the Dictators.” The HistoricalJournal, June 1979, 404.
2. ^C.E.M. Joad, The Testament of Joad, 54.
3. ^VirginiaWoolf, Three Guineas, p43.

Selectedbibliography

Cours de depannage tv pdf. Joad wrote over 75 books in his lifetime. The most famous can befound below.

• Common Sense Ethics (1921)
• Common Sense Theology (1922)
• Great Philosophies of the World, Jonathan Cape &Harrison Smith, NY (1930)
• Guide to Modern Thought (1933)
• Under the Fifth Rib retitled The Book of Joad)
• Return to Philosophy (1935)
• Guide to Philosophy (1936)
• The Story of Civilization (1936)
• The Testament of Joad (1937)
• Guide to the Philosophy of Morals and Politics(1938)
• Why War? (1939)
• How to Write, Think and Speak Correctly (1939)
• God and Evil (1942)
• Teach Yourself Philosophy (1944)
• The English Counties (1948)
• The Recovery of Belief (1952)
• Folly Farm (Posthumous 1954)
• Dialogue on Civilization

Externallinks

• C.E.M. Joad onFind-A-Grave